On the other hand, a considerable number of attempts have been made to substitute it with alumina (Al 2O 3) as a way to improve oxidation-resistance (Ramakrishnan et al. The oxidation-resistance of conventional austenitic stainless steels is obtained by the formation of chromia (Cr 2O 3) layer as the protective surface scale. And enormous efforts have been devoted to their improvement in order to cope with the increasing service temperatures (Mayer and Masuyama 2008 Igarashi 2008). The key properties for these applications are creep and oxidation-resistance. Many variants of austenitic stainless steels have been common materials in building various components which required long-term structural stability upon exposure to high temperature.
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